Rodgers

THE ROUGH TRANSCRIPT BELOW IS INCLUDED ONLY FOR INDEXING

HISTORY OF THE FIRM. HE history of the firm is to a large extent the history of the Cutlery Trade of Sheffield. It is not known at what precise period the institution of the firm took place, bdt the old Sheffield cutlers were a conservative race, handing down the knowledge of the craft from father to son for many generations, each family having its own forge and workshop, quite independent of each other; so that, although we have been unable to trace, any records of the Rodgers' family before 1724, it may be confidently presumed that 'there were cutlers hf that name long before that date. From an old rent book,', 'Mr., Leader, in his "Reminiscences of Sheffield," gives the following extract: "House and workshop, and vacant land, situate in Holy Croft (now Hawley Croft), lett to John Rodgers, paying yearly seven guineas.--- This building was recently demolished, viz., in 1907, and a photograph of it has been obtained, as shown on page 4. The Mural Tablet which appears above the door is now in the possession of the firm, and bears the, initials,:,~ 17e4 About 1780 a move was made to No. 6 Norfolk Street, showing that the workshop in Hawley Croft had become too small for the increasing trade, and since that time the principal office of the Rodgers' cutlery works has remained No. 6, now known all the world over. As the business increased the property adjoining was acquired piece by piece until the whole of the present plot was occupied, in 1862. The principals in 1730 were Maurice and Joseph Rodgers, sons of the Joseph Rodgers in Hawley Croft. 5 Originally the trade appears to have been confined to penknives, and so continued untd As the reputation of the Rodgers' productions grew, other branches of cutlery were taken up. no doubt, to the demand for other varieties of cutlery besides penknives, consequently In d* ~Ufwhtw of razors and table cutlery was commenced, and a few years later the manufacture of scinore b~~ Through all the years the firm has never lacked a lineal descendant of the Rodgers' family In Its man*oment, to In the opening years of the nineteenth century the head of the firm was Joseph Rodgers, who died In 1821. aged 79 Y,Oarel and left four sons in the business. In that year the first Royal Warrant was granted, and it came about In quite a curious way. It is related by Dr. A. Gatty in his book, "Sheffield, Past and Present," as follows:--"In 1821, Mr. 8~ "Wortley, then Member of Parliament for Yorkshire, and afterwards created Lord Wharncliffe, undertook to prosent "Mr. John Rodgers to the Prince Regent at CarIton House, when he exhibited to the Prince a minute specimen of "cutlery, and in return received the honour, by special appointment, of the firm being made cutlers to the " Royal Family. The distinction thus conferred upon Messrs. Rodgers roused their energies as manufacturers, and they resolved, " by the appliances of skill and labour, to produce the finest cutlery that could be made. They also opened a show-room, " in which the articles they manufactured were exhibited to view; and as this proceeding had no precedent in the town, it caused for a while very serious inconvenience. Crowds came to inspect the novel display, who had no intention of purchasing anything they saw, but when the local curiosity abated, this room became the resort of all the visitors to "the town, and. it proved a very effective method of advertisement." From this period the business gradually developed, until in 1860 further extensions consisted of the building of the present offices and show-rooms, the latter being probably the finest cutlery show-rooms in the world. Since that time 7 As the foundation of good cutlery is the quality of the steel employed, about 1887 it was decided to commence. the manufacture of this so that the firm could guarantee that the material used in the articles was of the best possible kind, and accordingly the manufacture of shear steel was commenced about 1890 at Leppings Lane, Wadsley Bridge, using water power, removed in 1894 to Dyson Holmes Tilt, Oughtibridge, and later in 1903 to Middlewood Forge. In 1894 also the manufacture of the crucible cast steel was commenced at the River Lane Works, where it is still carried on. Further extensions being necessary, the Sheaf Island Works of Messrs. Wm. Jackson & Co. were purchased in 1907, and the establishments of the company now cover nearly five acres of ground. progress has been very rapid, and new factories have been built to cope with the demand for the various specialities. In 1882 the Pond Hill factory was built, principally for the manufacture of pocket knives, and in 1885 the firm added the manufacture of silver and electroplate id the same building. In 1889 a show-room was opened in London for the display of the silver and electroplate. Still the premises proved too small, and in 1889 a plot of land in River Lane and Pond Hill, opposite the pocket knife factory, was acquired, ori~ a portion of which was erected a factory for the manufacture of table cutlery, and this was considerably extended in 1905, when the silver and electroplate department was removed to the new premises from Pond Hill. In 1871 the partners were Joseph Rodgers and Robert Newbold, respectively grandsons of the Joseph Rodgers who died in 1821, and the business was converted into a limited company. The confidence of the public was such that the shares offered for subscription were privately subscribed 1 in a few hours. 1 9 It is needless to add that the firm has been honoured by many notable visitors; amongst them may be mentioned the following:- GRANTED 1682 King Edward VII. and Queen Alexandra, then Prince and Princess of Wales, in 1875. Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence. King George V. and Queen Mary, in 1895, then Duke and Duchess of York. The Shah of Persia, Aziz Khan, in 1889. Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, in 1879. The Duke of Teck, in 1894. Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria. General Grant. Many of the Princes of India, amongst whom may be mentioned the Gaekwar and Maharanee of Baroda, The Jam of Nawanagar. The Maharajah of Nepaul and suite, the Raj Rana of Gwalior and staff, and the Rajah of Patiala. Amongst African chiefs may he named Khama, Sebele and Bathoen of Matabeleland, the Basuto chiefs Sciso, Mojela and Masupha; Lewanika, the chief of Barotseland, and Apollo Kagwa, the Katikiro of Uganda. In addition to the above the visitors' book contains the names of numerous visitors'from the continent of Europe, America, China and Japan: in fact, a visit to these works forms one item in the grand tour of Europe. One factor in the preservation of the reputation of the firm has been the fact that there has always b een a Rodgers or relative at the head of the management. In the eighteenth century there were John and his sons Maurice and Joseph; at the beginning of the nineteenth century there were Joseph, who died 1821, John and Joseph, George and Maurice, his sons, then the grandsons, John, George Joseph, and Joseph. In 1871 there,'were Joseph Rodgers and Robert Newbold, and then Maurice George and John forming the sixth generation; the death of Mr. Maurice George Rodgers in 1898 left the management in the hands of the present Managing Director, Mr. John Rodgers. HISTORY OF TRADE MARK, HE Trade Mark, which is known all over the world, is the Six-poinW &tar and Maltese Cross. This was originally granted in 1682 to a William Birks. and in 1724 was let to John Rodgers, and finally, in 1764, was confirmed to the firm by the Cutlers' Company of Sheffield. The reputation of the goods bearing this mark and the name Rodgers has become sIL great and so valuable that it has become the prey of unscrupulous manufacturers, W0W who try to register marks which include one or the other of these symbols. In English speaking countries the name Rodgers or Rogers is principally used, but where the people are unable to read, and recognise the goods by the signs, the use of two stars or two crosses, or combinations of these, are struck in order to deceive the purchaser. Every year a considerable amount of money is spent in defending either, the name or trade mark, and unfortunately in other countries the registration laws are not so just and equitable as those in England, so that it is impossible to punish adequately those who palpably imitate both 'the name and trade mark. As already stated, from the beginning it has been, the object of the Rodgers' family to produce only the finest and most reliable grades of cutlery, so that in England the name is universally known as synonymous with the best articles, and to possess a Rodgers' pocket knife is considered a great honour by boys all over the kingdom. It also extended to the United States, as in 1902, the American Ambassador, Mr. J. H. Choate, speaking at the Cutlers' Feast, said: " Half a century ago the American boy thought he was in luck if he carried in his pocket a knife on which wait 13 stamped the name of Joseph Rodgers & Sons, Sheffield. They knew that they hai got the bM "could be had the world over, and if there is any representative of that ancient house present at this 1 desire to thank him in the name of the American boys of my generation for the splendid sei reedelt them." As British commerce extended, the knowledge of Rodgers' cutlery was carried abroad by tmvelwn and voyager# to all parts of the world, and wherever these productions were introduced, there a trade sprang up, to that there to now no part of the whole world, civilized or uncivilized, where Rodgers' cutlery is not known. Where native* cannot read, they recognise the trade mark, and it may be taken almost as a truism that the trade mark is better known amongst savage tribes than amongst the English speaking races, and as a consequence it is more difficult to deceive the Hottentot, the Arab, or the Indian, than the ordinary visitor to our seaside resorts, where annually thousands of worthies% imitations are sold to innocent buyers under the magic of the name Rodgers. Only recently it was related to us by an eye-witness that in S. Africa, a Zulu, evidently quite a savage, entered a store and asked for a Rodgers' knife; the word Rodgers was about the only English word he knew, but he resisted all attempts to palm off on to him some other make, and eventually, putting his fingers in the form of a: cross to show what he wanted, had to leave without getting it, as there were none in the store. It is absolutely necessary to see that both the name and the trade mark are stamped on the article. Wherever one goes one finds Rodgers' cutlery. Keane, in his " Six Months in Mecca," relates the pride of the Arat Chief in the possession of a Rodgers' carving knife, bearing the mystic symbols which signify that the knife is first-class After the battle of Orndurman, Rodgers' razors were found in the dwellings,~' and Buffalo Bill, in his great duel witt Sitting Bull, relied on a Rodgers' bowie knife, given to him by General Custer, and it is still one of his most cherishe( possessions. Stories are constantly told by travellers of incidents in stores in South Africa, India, and other places, of thi persistency of the natives in their demand for a Rodgers' knife; this name is probably the only English word they knom but when the article is shown they look for the mark, and will take none marked otherwise. In a village north of Kashgai 15 in Russian Turkestan, a well known British officer found that a Rodgers' knife was a very vdu&W article indeed, and relates the following curious story which is current in the district. He had loat big CRA"D 1682 knife, and was asked if it was made by R6dgers Sahib. The headman of the village then said he was very sorry at his loss; that it was indeed a very great loss, as the knives made by the Rodgers Sahib were the beet in the world, and that they could not now be replaced, as R'9dgers Sahib made no more knives. He continues: "On my contradicting him about.this, "and telling him that Rodgers still made knives, he said that I was badly behind the times, and told me the following story. "He said that 'Rodgers Sahib made such good knives that they would even cut through iron. There was, among the "malefactors undergoing imprisonment in England, a prisoner who had one of these knives, and cut through his fetters and "wristbands with it, and escaped. The ing of England was in consequence very angry at this, and sent for Rodgers Sahib, k 1 1 "telling him to bring with him one of his knives, which,he tried on iron, and finding how good it was, said he could not "afford to have such good knives made, and thus lose all his prisoners; and he ordered that both the arms of Rodgers Sahib "be cut off above the elbow, so that he should make no more.' The man was convinced of the truth of his story, and "showed me his knife with great pride, telling me that an English traveller had presented it to him." In Persia, India, and Ceylon, the name has actually become synonymous with the quality of excellence, and has entered into the language as an adjective expressing superlative quality. The Singhalese used the word "Rujjus" 'In this sense, and apply it to other articles besides cutlery. A writer on Indian Signboards records that in Bombay he saw. a sign as follows:-"Tea, coffee, soda,Jemonade, ice cream, all Rojers' best things, poodings, and,custer, can be.had her.",, The above particulars will serve to show the opinion of different nations, and there is no doubt that the productions of the f irm find their way to all parts of the world, from Klondyke to Terra delTuego, from Morocco to Japan, the Falkland islands, the Pacific Archipelago, the interior of Asia, Africa, and South America, the wilds of Mexico and Patagonla; the plains of Brazil, the cold regions of Siberia, and the torrid lands of Nigeria-wherever there is a use for knives,' there will the name of MW Rodgers be known. 17 THE SHow Rooms. THESE were opened about the year 1821, a most unprecedented innovation for a manufacturer then to adopt, and, as related by Dr. Gatty, it proved almost a nine days' wonder for the people of the town. From 1821 to 1860 they were located in the centre of the building' on the Norfolk Street side, in a room now being used as the Scissor Warehouse, but in 18M. the present ',.how Rooms were built, and no expense was spared in the decorations and fittings to make it worthy of a visit. In entering the premises attention is immediately' arrested by the splendid display of hunting trophies Which adorn the entrance hall, the most str*ing objects being* a display of huge elephants' tusks, the largest of which is a monster 10 feet long, and weighing 216 Ibs. Alongside is a pair, of beautiful shape and size, each 8 feet 7 inches 10 MM long, and together weighing 315 lbs. There are three others averaging about 130 Ibs. weight each. On the walls we note the skull of an elephant with the tusks complete, each tusk.,being'six feet long, and weighing 70 Ibs.; also the head of a moose from New Brunswick, horns of the Ifidian -buffalo, koodoo, elk,,skull of walrus, tortoiseshells, tribal trumpets made of ivory, and other objects of interest. Inside, the, beauty of the ceiling immediately calls for attention. Amongst the immense variety of', knives of all shapes and sizes there are several specialities made for exhibition which have become practically. w6rld-repowned.. First should be noticed twelve pairs of minute scissors,. perfect in every detail, and so small that the. whole 'twelve pairs weigh less than half a grain. Next we notice a miniature sportsman's knife with 57 blades, which, when closed, is only one 19 -""mow~ 10 sif RED TRADC ro,40,cr inch long; amongst the blades are corkscrew, gimlets, borers, saw, and turnscrew. Next in order is a knife in the form of a six-rayed star-which forms a portion of the trade mark-in which there GRANTED 1682 are 144 blades. We now come to the celebrated Norfolk sporting knife with its 75 blades, most of which are etched or chased with hunting scenes, n6table buildings or persons; amongst these may be noted the White House at Washington, Chatsworth House, Arundel Castle, Wesley College at Sheffield,, Haddon Hall, Windsor Castle, and portraits of !PUeen Victoria, the late Prince Consort, the Duke of Wellington, and others. The scales are magnificently carved; they are of Manila pearl, one depicting A boar hunt,~and the other a stag hunt. It was made for t.he Great Exhibition of 1851, at the . Crystal Palace, by a. workman named Alliarn Baniforth, two years being necessary for its manufacture. Round the base of, the pedestal 'May be' seen, the medals obtained at various Exhibitions throughout the world. The next striking object is the Year Knife, so called because the number of blades corresponds to the year of our L:Ord., Formerly a new bladewas 'added each year, but now the additions are made every five years. It was commenced in ',1~~2, and now contains. 1,910 blades, and is. in the 'form. of a. four-sided cross. Other knives are a Quadrangular Knife with 80..blAdes, the, Quedn, Victoria Jubilee Knife, a pair of carvers five feet high, several large razors and scissors. There are also many,, specimens of ivory showing curious growths: these have been discovered in the course of cutting up the ivory, and with-these are other interesting spc imens of tortoiseshell, pearl, horn, and tusks. Amongst the documents on the walls may be seen the original Royal Warrants to George IV., Queen Caroline, William IV., Queen Victoria, King Edward VIL, George V., The Shahs of Persia' and other royalties. The portraits are those of John Rodgers, of Abbeydale, who died in 1859, aged 80 years, and of Joseph Rodgers, who died in 1867, aged 82 years, 40 of which he was blind. The busts represent John Milton, James Montgomery (the Corn Law Rhymer), Shakespeare, The Duke of Wellington, Sir Waiter Scott, Sir Robert Peel, James Watt (the Engineer), George III, King Edward VIl., and Queen Alexandra.1 20 TABLE OF NAMES OF WORKMEN, WITH PERIODS OF SERVICE AND AGE. (Back Row, reading from left to right) (Centre Row, continued-reading from left to right) WM CARNALL Age 59 years, Service 50 years. BE~q BROWN Age, 69 years, Service 56 years. JOHN S. DEWSNAP 65 53 CHAS. JERRISON 66 56 JAMES MARSH 67 53 MARK WEBSTER 71 54-- THOMAS BOOTH 63 50 GEO, SWIFT (Gr,ind~r). 63 54 SAM DUNGWORTH 68 54 FRED PARKIN 62 53 JAMES PLATTS .. .. 64 50 HERBERT STYRING 70 58 HERBT. BEARDSHAW 61 50 HY. TAYLOR (Matthewman) 65 51 ALF. HALL 73 50 (Front Row, reading from left'to right) WM. SMITH .. .. 70 57 ARTHUR SWIFT 65 52 ROBT.JUBB 66 54 GEO. DICKINSON 66 57 FRED SWIFT 63 HY.CLARK 65 52 A. SIMPSON 63 51 ED. SKELTON 72 62 ED. GEAR 71 57 (Centre Row, reading from left to right) HEDRICK RADFORD 64 JOHN SWIFT,~. 71 6~ WM. WARD (Merrill) 65 55 THOS. LANGWORTH 73 60, HY. MASON .. .. .. 67 55 WM. BRADWELL 71 61 JAS. FENTOI-~ 66 55 GEO. SWIFT 71 60 JOHN SENIOR (8 55 GEO.SWINDEN 75 50 HY. RAYNES 73 57 JOHN MOXEY .. .. .. 6 57 23 MANUFACTURE AND CONDITIONS OF LABOUR. HE principle on which the manufacture of cutlery is carried on by this firm Is-quality firs, and with this in view it is evident that their competition with other firms ai to price comc second; it is the object of the firm to produce the finest quality of article both as,,regarc material and workmanship, at a reasonable price, so that anyone who purchases one of, th firm s productions bearing not only the name, but also the trade mark, a star and Maltei cross, can depend on the fact that he or she has obtained an article which. can be reli( upon, and if properly used will give complete satisfaction. In order to carry out this principle it has been the policy of recent years to obta control of the whole processes of manufacture, and about 1887 it was decided.to manufactu the steel which is the basis of good blades. It is well known'that the most suitable steel f table knives, butchers' knives, carvers atrd similar articles is shear steel, and in their forge at Middlewood, 'double ai single shear steel is made from only the finest brands of. Swedish bar; tor' pen and pocket knives, razors and scissors, the bo refined crucible cast steel is made at River Lane Works from the best Swedish. iron, and throughout, its treatment the finished article it is manipulated only by experts. The same care is exercised with regard to. the other materials the ivory used is bought'at the quarterly sales Liverpool, London, and Antwerp in the tusk, and is cut up in the works into handles and scales, and although the reco 25 advances in the price have reduced the demand considerably for this class of handle. about t-w-w-gvv W are cut up every'year OR*~ 16152 An interesting sight is the great store of ivory, showing tusks of all sizes, from bug@ Monipele of 14011bL weigi down. to the baby teeth, weighing two or three lbs.; there are about fifteen tons, valued at more than 9AM. In 1878 t quantity of ivory used was twenty-six tons, and consisted of the great number of 2,561 tusks, averaging 2211bs. each. During.,the last year or two the cutting of pearl, stag, buffalo horn, and wood, for the scales of pen and poel knives has been introduced, and these materials are bought first hand in the market, only the highest qualities being acquir It is interesting to know that these roducts come from all parts of the world. The pearl used comes from the Philippill and is cut from the finest Manila shells, whose fire and lustre are unequalled. The buffalo horn comes from India a South Africa, and stag horn from Scotland, India, Ceylon, Rangoon, and other parts; the wood from the West Indies 2 other portions of the world, and includes boxwood, beech, colcus, rosewood, and ebony. Thus it will be seen that to obtain satisfactory results, the utmost care is exercised in the selection of materials, i this care is extended to the seasoning, which improves by age; thus xylonite, celluloid, or ivoride-under whichever namt may be used-is kept for two years at least under a high temperature, so as to minimise as much as possible the shrink which is a natural effect of this product. With regard to the processes of manufacture, the same care and attention is paid and the condition of the work-ro( is made as pleasant and healthy as it is possible, so that in all improvements in the conditions of labour this firm justly claim to be a pioneer. That the workmen appreciate the efforts of the management is evident from the cor relations which exist between masters and men, shown not only by the length of time that men remain in the emy of the firm, but also in more tangible ways; for example, in 1842 the workpeople. presented a beautiful silver-gilt cup to t 27 employers, and in 1909, when a workman brought an action against the firm, the other work~@ offered to pay the expense of defending it; at the present time there are about forty workmen who have been continuously employed for fifty years and upwards, and of these seven have worked sixty years: this to a reco which few firms will be able to equal, and the photograph accompanying this record, reproduced on page 22, sho, thirty-six of these. These men have been happily described as "the aristocracy of labour," and it has been no uncomm, thing for three and even four generations of the same family to be at work at the same time. In 1829,the firm was appointed manufacturers of silver and plate to H.R.H. the Duchess of Cambridge, Hanov Though not so well known as the Atlery, the manufacture of silver and plate has been carried on for at least one hundi years, but it was not developed as a separate department until comparatively recent times, viz., in 1885. The plate in old times was not done as now, but was known as "close plating," and with the advent of the electro deposit method a consequent reduction in price a gradual development took place, which necessitated the formation of a separate departme This was at first located in the Pond Hill Works, but when in 1905 the new factory was built in River Lane, the premi were designed and built for the accommodation of this branch of trade, and now there is an up-to-date factory, equipl with all the latest methods of manufacture, and second to none in the facilities for production. The standard of qual of all electroplated goods is the same as for cutlery, and customers may rely on the same excellence of'material workmanship as they expect and receive for cutlery. 29 HISTORY OF THE RODGERS* HE history of'the Rodgers' family in connect ion wi th th e firm is internting. The John Rodgers who lived in Holy Croft in 1724, had three sons. John. GRANTED 14582 Joseph, and Maurice, who probably worked with their father. The father died in 1785, aged 84, and. his son John having no son to succeed him, left the business in tt hands of his brother Joseph, and retired, to Norton, near Sheffield. where he died in 1811. aged 8 Joseph, who had ten children, died in 1821, aged 78, and left four sons in the firm, vi; John (of Abbeydale), Josepb, Maurice and George. Maurice died in 1827, aged 40 and left tm sons, John (known as John, Junr.) and George Joseph, and several daughters. George died j 1842, *ed 53, leaving three sons and one daughter. Joseph was blind for 40 years precedir his death in 1867 and tgok little active part in the business, so that the management for mar years devolved upon John of Abbeydale, until his death in 1859, at the age of 80 years. As John and Joseph had no children to succeed them, John took into partnership in 185 his nephews John, Junn, and Robert Newbold, the latter of whom had married one of fl daughters of Maurice, and on the.death of John, Junr., in 1856, two other nephews,. George.Joseph, above mentioned, ar Joseph the son of George became partners. George Joseph died in 1866, at the age of 38, and in 1870 the remaining partners Joseph Rodgers and Robert Newbol decided to form a Limited Company, the Vendors becoming the first Managing Directors . . Joseph retired some yea later, leaving Robert Newbold sole Managing Director with the two 'sons of George Joseph, viz., Maurice George ar John in charge of the Home and Foreign Departments respectively The retirement of Robert Newbold in 1890, brought a Rodgers at the-head of affairs again, Maurice George and Job being joint Managing Directors. Maurice George, probably the first of this family to become a member of the Cutlers' Compan died in 1898, aged 43, during his year of office a's Master Cutler, and the present Managing Director, John Rodgers, th( became head of the firm. Thus, as in 1724 there is at the head of affairs a John Rodgers, and the same principles whi( guided the first of the name still form the foundation of the methods on which the business i's now conducted, so th the traditions and reputation of the name Rodgers are upheld and enhanced by the present generation, and there is evei prospect that the next in succession will continue the same policy. 33 GENEALOGICAL TREE. JOHN RODGERS m. Averilda Tobin. b. 1701, d. 1785, age 84. 1071). JOHN JOSEPH MAURICE b. 1731, d. 1811. b. 1743, d. 1821. JOHN (of Abbeydale) JOSEPH (Blind) MAURICE GEORGE b. 1779, d. 1859. b. 1785, d. 1867. b. 1787, d. 1827. b. 1789, d. 1842, JOHN (Junior) GEORGE JOSEPH AVERILDA JANE MAURICE JOSEPH JOHN COPELAND b. 1816, d. 1856. b. 1828, d. 1866. b. 1825, d. 1854. b. 1827. b. 1828, d, 1883. b. 1833, d. 1909. m. Robert Newbold. MAURICE GEORGE JOHN WILFRED FLOCKTON JOSEPH CHARLES ERNEST ARTHUR b. 1855, d. 1898. (Present Managing Director). b. 1861, d. 1908. b. 1858, d. 1886. b. 1860, d. 1907. b. 1864, d. 1910. Master Cutler. 37 ROYAL WARRANTS. The reputation for high-class cutlery which the firm has obtained is seen in the number of Royal Warrants and Appointments received of which the following is a list: ROYAL APPOINTMENTS. HIS MAJESTY KING GEORGE IV., June 24th, 1921 H.R.H., THE DUCHESS OF MECKLENBERG STRELITZ, August 26tb, 1830. H.R.H. WILLIAM, DUKE OF CLARENCE, January 22nd, 1827. HER MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA, August 7th, 1837, Confirmed H.R.H. PRINCE LEOPOLD, October 18th, 1826. June 16th, 1884. H.R.H. THE DUCHESS OF KENT, January 9th, 1827. H.R.H. ALBERT EDWARD, PRINCE OF WALES, March 10th, 1895. T.M. THE KING and QUEEN OF SWEDEN and NORWAY, HIS MAJESTY KING EDWARD VIl., May 29th, 1901. February 14th, 1828. H.R.H. THE DUCHESS OF CAMBRIDGE, September 24th, 1829. HIS MAJESTY 11ONG GEORGE V., November 27th, 1910. HER MAJESTY QUEEN ADELAIDE, August 30th, 1830. H.I.M. SHAH NASR-ED-DIN OF PERSIA, 1889. HIS MAJESTY KING WILLIAM IV., September 1st, 1830. H.I.M. SHAH MUSAFFER-ED-DIN OF PER$1A, 1902. OTHER APPOINTMENTS. HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF NORTHUMBERLAND. THE DUKE OF NORFOLK, December 19th, 1826. THE DUKE OF DEVONSHIRE, December 19th, 1826. THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON, July 27th, 1828. .38